January
Jan. 1, 1598: Fr. Alphonsus Barréna, surnamed the
Apostle of Peru, died. He was the first to carry the faith to the
Guaranis and Chiquitos in Paraguay.
Jan. 2, 1619: At Rome, John Berchmans and Bartholomew
Penneman, his companion scholastic from Belgium, entered the
Roman College.
Jan. 3, 1816: Fr. General Brzozowski and 25 members of
the Society, guarded by soldiers, left St. Petersburg, Russia,
having been banished by the civil government.
Jan. 4, 1619: The English mission is raised to the
status of a province.
Jan. 5, 1548: Francis Suarez, one of the greatest
theologians of the church, was born at Granada.
Jan. 6, 1829: Publication of Pope Leo XII's rescript,
declaring the Society to be canonically restored in England.
Jan. 7, 1566: Cardinal Ghislieri was elected pope as Pius V.
He was a great friend of the Francis Borgia and appointed
Salmeron and Toletus as apostolic preachers at the Vatican. He
desired to impose the office of choir on the Society and even
ordered it. He was canonized as St. Pius V.
Jan. 8, 1601: Balthasar Gracian was born. A Spanish Jesuit, he
wrote on courtly matters. He is the author of "The Compleat
Gentleman" and "The Art of Worldly Wisdom."
Jan. 9, 1574: Fr. Jasper Haywood died at Naples. He was
superior of the English mission. As a boy he was one of the pages
of honor to the Princess Elizabeth. After a brilliant career at
Oxford, he renounced his fellowship and entered the Society in
Rome in 1570. An able Hebrew scholar and theologians, he was for
two years professor in the Roman College.
Jan. 10, 1581: Queen Elizabeth signed the fifth Penal Statute
in England inflicting heavy fines and imprisonment on all who
harbored Jesuits and Seminary priests.
Jan. 11, 1582: At Rome, Cardinal Guastavillani laid the
foundation stone of the new building that would become the Roman
College.
Jan. 12, 1585: At Riga in Latvia, Protestants demonstrated
against the Society of Jesus.
Jan. 13, 1552: At Rome, teachers jealous of the success of the
first school opened by Jesuits, invaded the premises and abused
the Jesuits teaching there.
Jan. 14, 1768: The Society of Jesus is banished from the Duchy
of Parma, the result of pressure exercised on the Grand Duke by
Choiseul of France.
Jan. 15, 1551: Francis Borgia wrote to the Emperor Charles V
announcing his intention to enter the Society of Jesus and asking
leave to resign his dukedom in favor of his eldest son, the
Marquis de Lombay.
Jan 15, 1955: The death of Daniel Lord, popular writer, national director of the Sodality, founder of the Summer School of Catholic Action, and editor of The Queen's Work.
Jan. 16, 1860: At Calcutta, Belgian Jesuits opened St. Francis
Xavier College.
Jan. 17, 1706: The Fifteenth General Congregation opened. Fr.
Michael Angelo Tamburini was elected General on Jan. 31.
Jan. 18, 1892: At Fiesole died Fr. Anthony Anderledy, 23rd
General of the Society.
Jan. 19, 1565: Fr. James Lainez died at Rome. He was the
second General of the Society and the pope's theologian at the
Council of Trent.
Jan. 20, 1606: Alexander Valignano died at Macao. He was
superior of all the Jesuit missions in the Far East for 33 years.
He devised the missionary policies to be followed there.
Jan. 21, 1705: The death of Claude Francois Menestrier,
the writer of a classic history of ballet and the creator of a
ballet for Louis XIV.
Jan. 22, 1614: The death of Martin Costens, a Polish
Jesuit, who had an iron crown weighing 16 pounds placed on his
head and tightened with a pin.
Jan. 23, 1656: Pascal published his first Provincial
Letter against the Society of Jesus. Other letters followed at
intervals. Though condemned at Rome and publicly burnt by the
French King's order, they were influential in portraying Jesuits
very unfavorably.
Jan. 24, 1679: The martyrdom in London of William
Ireland, procurator for the English Jesuits. He was falsely
accused of plotting to kill the king.
Jan. 25, 1540: The birth of Edmund Campion.
Jan. 26, 1975: The death of Josef Jungmann, whose
studies of liturgical history contributed to the reform of the
liturgy.
Jan. 27, 1829: The death of Luigi Fortis, the 20th
general of the Society of Jesus, who led the reconstruction of
the Society when it was restored after the Suppression.
Jan. 28, 1683: The death of Julian Maunoir, known as
the 'Apostle of Brittany' for preaching missions to the poor in
the northwest of France.
Jan. 29, 1688: The death of Ferdinand Verbiest, the
successor to Adam Schall as mathematical professor at the
imperial court in Peking and superior of the Society in China.
Jan. 30, 1551: Ignatius of Loyola wrote a letter to
Jesuits offering to resign as general because of ill health.
Jan. 31, 1615: The death of Claudio Aquaviva, the fifth
general of the Society, who governed for 34 years, the longest
term of office of any Jesuit general.
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February
Feb. 1, 1645: The death of Henry Morse, Priest of the
Plague,' so-called because of his care for the plague-stricken.
He was martyred at Tyburn, England, by being hanged, drawn and
quartered.
Feb. 2, 1932: The Oregon Province was established.
Feb. 3, 1578: The death of Thomas Nelson, martyred at
Tyburn by being hanged, drawn and quartered.
Feb. 4, 1693: The martyrdom in India of St. Joan de
Brito, who came from the Portuguese aristocracy and was a member
of the royal court. He devised a method of working with various
castes in India.
Feb. 5, 1991: At Rome, the death of Pedro Arrupe, 28th General of the Society of Jesus.
Feb. 6, 1600: At Nanking, Fr. Matthew Ricci, after
being expelled from this city, returned and opened a seminary.
Feb. 7, 1878: At Chicago, the death of Fr. Ferdinand
Coosemans, who had a deep devotion to the Blessed Sacrament and
the Sacred Heart.
Feb. 8, 1890: At Rome in the Palazzo Barberini,
Cardinal Joseph Pecci died. He left the Society of Jesus in 1847
but was readmitted 40 years later at the request of his brother
who was Pope Leo XIII.
Feb. 9, 1928: Edward Garesche founded the Catholic
Medical Mission Board in New York City.
Feb. 10, 1773: A copy of the proposed Brief of
Suppression of the Society of Jesus, drawn up by Monino (Florida
Blanca), the Spanish Ambassador, and revised by Cardinal Zelada,
was sent with Pope Clement XIV's leave, given reluctantly, to
Charles III of Spain, to be communicated by him to the Courts of
France, Austria, Portugal and Naples.
Feb. 11, 1915: Wlodimir Ledochowski was elected 26th
General of the Society.
Feb. 12, 1866: Pope Pius IX wrote a papal brief in
favor of La Civilta Cattolica.
Feb. 13, 1557: Fr. Andrew Oviedo, recently consecrated
bishop and patriarch of Ethiopia, set sail from Goa for his new
see.
Feb. 14, 1656: At Cologne, the death of Fr. Herman
Baving, a German who, when provincial of the Lower Rhine,
continually exhorted the masters in the colleges to promote among
their scholars devotion to the guardian angels.
Feb. 15, 1775: Cardinal Braschi was elected Pope Pius
VI. A former pupil of the Society of Jesus, he desired the
release of Fr. Ricci, the General, and his assistants from prison
in Castel San Angelo, but Charles III of Spain insisted on their
detention.
Feb. 16, 1811: At Dublin, the death of Fr. Thomas
Betagh, the last survivor of the Irish Jesuits of the Old
Society. At the Suppression he opened a Latin school in Dublin
and became curate of St. Michael's Church there.
Feb. 17, 1553: Seventy-seven days after St. Francis
Xavier's death, the tomb was opened and the body found perfectly
incorrupt.
Feb. 18, 1551: At Rome the opening of the First School
of the Society of Jesus in
Piazza Ara Coeli, which soon developed into the Roman College.
Feb. 19, 1803: At St. Inigo's, Maryland, Father James
Walton died. He entered the
Society in 1757, was sent to Maryland in 1766 and labored for 36
years. During the Suppression,
fully confident that the Society would one day be restored, he
faithfully guarded the property of
the Society which had been invested chiefly in his name.
Feb. 20, 1582: Three Japanese princes sailed from Japan
for Rome to pay homage to
Pope Gregory XIII. Fr. Valignani, who arranged the embassy,
accompanied them as far as Goa.
Feb. 21, 1616: Fr. Alphonsus Rodriguez, 90, master of
novices for 40 years and
author of a famous text on religious life "The Practice of
Religious Perfection" died at Seville.
Feb. 22, 1624: The martyrdom at Sendai, Japan, of James
Carvalho, who ministered
to miners in the northern islands of Japan until the local ruler
turned against the Christians and
killed Carvalho by exposing him in the frigid waters of a river.
Feb. 23, 1700: The death of Paul Hoste, mathematician
and expert historian on
construction of ships and naval warfare.
Feb. 24, 1637: The death of Francis Pavone. Sixty
members of a class of philosophy
which he taught and the entire class of poetry embraced the
religious state. He died at Naples.
Feb. 25, 1571: Francis Borgia is sent by Pius V with
Cardinal Alessandrino into
Spain and France to try to induce the sovereigns to form a league
against the Turks.
Feb. 26, 1611: At Ferrara Fr. Anthony Possevino died.
An Italian employed by
Gregory XIII for embassies to Sweden, Russia, Poland and Germany.
He founded colleges and
seminaries in Cracow, Olmutz, Prague, Braunsberg and Vilna. He
also wrote 24 books.
Feb. 27, 1585: Fr. General Acquaviva wrote a severe
letter forbidding members of
the Society to meddle with politics after Fr. Mathieu and the
League (Ste. Union de France)
sought to hinder King Henry of Navarre, a Protestant, from
succeeding to the throne.
Feb. 28, 1957: The Jesuit Volunteer Corps was founded.
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